Administered an Arabic version of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI) to 120 male and 61 female Saudi Arabian undergraduates. Most of the masculine and neutral items of the BSRI were assigned to the same categories by the Ss, but half of the neutral items were assigned to the other categories. Masculine and feminine items were also judged differently by Ss who had lived in Western society for more than 2 yrs and by Ss who had not been outside of Saudi ArabiMale and female Ss differed in their ratings of masculine but not of feminine items. Findings are discussed in terms of the sex-role socialization practices of Arab and Western countries and the need to modify the BSRI for cross-cultural research.